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Friedensgutachten 2021

Authors: Bonn International Centre ,PRIF – Leibniz-Institut für Friedens- ,Institut für Friedensforschung ,Institut für Entwicklung

Description: Europa steht vor enormen Herausforderungen: die Gewaltkonflikte in Bergkarabach und der Ukraine bedrohen den Frieden in Europa, die Spannungen zwischen den USA und China geraten zusehends zu einem Großmachtkonflikt, in dem Europa seine Rolle noch finden muss, und die Debatten über die »europäische Souveränität« vernachlässigen die friedenspolitischen Prioritäten zugunsten militärischer Fähigkeiten. Die Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf den globalen Süden erfordern zudem neue Akzente in der Entwicklungspolitik. Zugleich hält weltweit der besorgniserregende Trend zur Entdemokratisierung an. Das Friedensgutachten 2021 analysiert diese Entwicklungen und gibt Empfehlungen für die Politik. Das Friedensgutachten 2021 analysiert vor diesem Hintergrund aktuelle Gewaltkonflikte, zeigt Trends der internationalen Außen-, Sicherheits- und Entwicklungspolitik auf und gibt Empfehlungen für Bundesregierung und Bundestag. Die deutschen Friedensforschungsinstitute (BICC/HSF/IFSH/INEF) geben das Gutachten seit 1987 heraus.

Langue: de

Publisher: transcript Verlag

Categories: Political Science

Chroma: Sculpture in Color from Antiquity to Today

Authors: Seán Hemingway ,Vinzenz Brinkmann ,Mark B. Abbe

Description: Many ancient and early modern works that are viewed in monochrome today were once painted in vibrant colors. Lost to time until recently, the pigments and other surface treatments that originally adorned these objects offer a deeper appreciation of the cultures from which they originate. This handsome volume features new research by more than thirty international experts in polychromy, including art historians, conservators, scientists, and photographers. Identified through advanced technologies, scientific analyses, and in-depth research, their discoveries of surviving traces of color span the globe and vary in material, including an Archaic Greek marble sphinx, an ancient Phoenician cloisonné furniture plaque, Mexica (Aztec) lime-stone sculptures, and medieval and Renaissance European marbles and bronzes. This wide-ranging publication explores how these works further our understanding of ancient ideas around skin color, race, and gender; summarizes recent advances in the field; and considers polychromy’s controversial rediscovery and modern reception— highlighting the role of reconstructions such as 3D-printed replicas and virtual animations in contemporary museum practice as well as the resurgence of polychromy techniques in postmodern and contemporary European architecture

Langue: en

Publisher: Metropolitan Museum of Art

Categories: Art

Miracles and Wonders in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period

Authors: Albrecht Classen

Description: Despite the assumption that we live today in a rather rationalist and mechanized world, there remain many aspects that neither medicine nor physics can fully explain. The Catholic Church continues to pronounce individuals as saints because scientifically confirmed miracles are associated with them. If we want to gain a solid understanding of the pre-modern history of mentality, emotions, and everyday culture, it proves to be highly revealing to examine what miracles and wonders had meant at that time, both in the theological and medical field, in the visual arts and literature. As a matter of fact, people both in the East and in the West have consistently flocked to pilgrimage sites all over the world in the hope that a miracle might happen and solve issues for them. The contributors to this volume, based on a symposium at the University of Arizona, May 2024, approach this critically important topic from many different perspectives, taking us from the early Middle Ages to the early modern age, examining hagiographical, medical, literary, and alchemical texts, discussing both miracles and wonders as relevant themes in the public discourses. Both the passage through Inferno and Purgatorio as the crucial pathway toward Paradiso and the experience of women’s miraculous conception are identified as deeply impactful for the pre-modern world, and this both in Christian and Muslim cultures. Studying miracles and wonders through a kaleidoscope of different materials and concepts makes it possible to gain a closer understanding of people’s mindsets, power structures, and the debate between medicine and religion. These topics were also greatly important in other cultures, as several papers on Arabic medieval literature indicate. Further, pursuing this global issue, we recognize easily that the separation line between the Middle Ages and the early modern period is only a modern construct and often not that helpful because the discourse on miracles and wonders has continued and influences even us today.

Langue: en

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Categories: Literary Criticism

Pacific Automobilism

Authors: Gijs Mom

Description: The beginning of the 21st century has seen important shifts in mobility cultures around the world, as the West’s media-driven car culture has contrasted with existing local mobilities, from rickshaws in India and minibuses in Africa to cycling in China. In this expansive volume, historian Gijs Mom explores how contemporary mobility has been impacted by social, political, and economic forces on a global scale, as in light of local mobility cultures, the car as an ‘adventure machine’ seems to lose cultural influence in favor of the car’s status character.

Langue: en

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Categories: Transportation

Theokratie

Authors: Peter Juhás ,Róbert Lapko ,Reinhard Müller

Description: Der Sammelband erhellt verschiedene Aspekte von Theokratie und zeichnet ein komplexes Bild des religions- und sozialgeschichtlichen Phänomens, das hinter dem Begriff steht. Das Problemfeld wird anhand jüdisch-christlicher Quellen bearbeitet. Der Band ist als Sammlung von spezialisierten Studien zu zentralen Topoi biblischer Texte angelegt, die mit theokratischen Konzepten zusammenhängen. Die Beiträge gelten einzelnen Büchern oder kleineren Texteinheiten des Alten und Neuen Testaments, die für das Thema einschlägig sind, sowie exemplarischen Zusammenhängen aus der Umwelt des Alten und Neuen Testaments. Die Leitfragen, die den Untersuchungen zugrunde liegen, betreffen die Rolle der anderen Götter, des Königs, des Priesters und des Messias sowie ihr Verhältnis zueinander und zu Gott in verschiedenen Vorstellungen über die "Gottesherrschaft". Die Beiträge bieten somit exemplarische Grundlagen, um die spätere Rezeption der theokratisch relevanten Texte kritisch zu bearbeiten. In wirkungsgeschichtlicher Perspektive gilt ein besonderes Interesse theokratischen Aspekten bei russischen religionsphilosophischen Denkern des 19. Jahrhunderts.

Langue: de

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Categories: Religion

Holy Places

Authors: Kathryn Hurlock

Description: 'One simply cannot do justice to Kathryn Hurlock's vivid and remarkably wide-ranging page-turner' Country Life This year, as they have for millennia, many people around the world will set out on pilgrimages. But these are not only journeys of personal and spiritual devotion - they are also political acts, affirmations of identity and engagements with deep-rooted historical narratives. Kathryn Hurlock follows the trail of pilgrimage through nineteen sacred sites - from the temples of Jerusalem to the banks of the Ganges, by way of Iona, Lourdes, Amritsar and Buenos Aires - revealing the many ways in which this ancient practice has shaped our religions and our world. Pilgrimages have transformed the fates of cities, anointed dynasties, provided guidance in hard times and driven progress in good. Filled with fascinating insights, Holy Places unveils the complex histories and contemporary endurance of one of our most fundamental human urges.

Langue: en

Publisher: Profile Books

Categories: History

Tutankhamun and Carter

Authors: Rogerio Sousa ,Gabriele Pieke ,Tine Bagh

Description: First scholarly, multi-disciplinary re-assessment of Howard Carter’s discovery and excavation of Tutenkhamun’s tomb and the impact of the find on our understanding of the material culture of Ancient Egypt. The discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun in 1922 stands out as one of the most important finds of modern archaeology, revealing an enormous wealth of objects encapsulating techniques, vestiges of uses and re-uses of materials, as well as unrivalled clues regarding the complex set of beliefs associated with the pharaonic funerary material culture. Once cleared from the tomb, these objects have captivated the world with their irresistible charm and beauty ending up playing a role in contemporary popular culture. However, it seems that such magnetism rather hindered than facilitated the scholarly study of the find. One hundred years after the discovery of this magnificent tomb, most of its objects remain insufficiently studied to this day. This volume aims to show how it remains challenging to study Tutankhamun’s objects, gathering a collection of studies authored by leading scholars on conservation, materials, funerary beliefs as well as the reception of motifs and the impact of the discovery. Through these studies it becomes clear how ancient objects can help us reconstruct the complex fabric of the ancient Egyptian society and how they keep interacting with modern audiences.

Langue: en

Publisher: Oxbow Books

Categories: Social Science

National Journal Reports

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Langue: en

Publisher:

Categories: Legislation

The Builder

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Langue: en

Publisher:

Categories: Architecture

How Flowers Made Our World

Authors: David George Haskell

Description: An exquisite exploration of the power of flowers, placing them at the center of the story of how evolution created the world we know today We live on a floral planet, yet flowers don’t get the credit they deserve. We admire them for their aesthetics, not their power. In this exquisite exploration of the role flowers played in creating the world we know today, David George Haskell observes, smells, and studies flowers such as magnolias, orchids, and roses, as well as fascinating but less celebrated flowers such as seagrasses and tea to show us what we’ve been missing. Flowers are beautiful revolutionaries. When they evolved, they remade the natural world: Gorgeous petals and alluring aromas transformed former enemies into cooperative partners. Flowers reinvented plant sexuality and motherhood, bringing male and female together in the same flower and amply provisioning seeds and fruits, innovations that also feed legions of animals, ourselves included. Through radical genetic flexibility, flowers turned past environmental upheavals into opportunities for renewal. This inventiveness allowed them to build and sustain rainforests, savannahs, prairies, and even ocean shores. Without flowers, human beings would not exist. We are a floral species. Flowers catalyzed our evolution, and we now depend on them for food and a healthy planet. When we perfume ourselves, give a loved one a bouquet, or use blooms in gardens and religious ceremonies, we honor the special bond between people and flowers. The study of flowers also shaped modern science and horticulture in ways both marvelous and, sometimes, unjust. Looking to the future, flowers offer us lessons on resilience and creativity in the face of rapid environmental change. We need floral creativity, beauty, and joy more than ever. How Flowers Made Our World combines lyrical writing, sensual exploration, and the latest in scientific research to explore some of the most consequential life forms ever to have evolved, showing how our planet came to be and how it thrives today.

Langue: en

Publisher: Penguin

Categories: Nature